Preterm infant mortality falling, prevalence of cerebral palsy rising

A recent study by Vincer et al published in the Journal of Pediatrics and Child Health reported on the rates of preterm infant mortality and cerebral palsy (CP) over the last 20 years. They found that the birth prevalence of CP among very preterm infants (less than 31 weeks) is on the rise, but the reasons are unclear.

CP is a permanent condition caused by damage to motor control centers in the brain before or shortly after birth, resulting in non-progressive impaired movement and permanent physical disability. The affected child typically has problems with uncontrolled spastic movements and/or impaired coordination of movement. Some cases are associated with epilepsy, poor cognition and/or difficulty with communication.

Between 1988 and 2007, very preterm infant mortality steadily declined while CP has been on the upswing. Vincer et al notes that maternal risk factors, anemia and tocolytic use have all been on the rise as well. Whether or not these represent a correlation has yet to be determined.

Reference

Vincer MJ, Allen AC, Allen VM, Baskett TF, O’Connell CM. Trends in the prevalence of cerebral palsy among very preterm infants (<31 weeks’ gestational age). Paediatr Child Health. 2014; 19(4):185-9.